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Moral Dilemmas
- Situation where only two courses of action are available, each requiring a morally impermissible action.
Moral Luck
- Andrew Latus, St. Francis Xavier University, summarizes the discussion between Thomas Nagel and Bernard Williams on the question: Can luck ever make a moral difference?
Moral Philosophy
- Introduction to ethics, with links to other articles at the IEP.
Moral Rationalism
- Plato was one who thought that the use of reason was essential in moral judgements. Hume criticised this view.
Moral Realism
- The view that moral principles have an objective foundation.
Moral Relativism
- Argument against moral absolutism, suggesting that moral standards are grounded only in social custom.
Moral Skepticism
- The theory, supported by J.L. Mackie in Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong, that belief in objective moral principles cannot be justified.
Morality and Religion
- Brief article describing the influence of religion on moral philosophy.
Natural Theology
- Used in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to describe knowledge of God drawn from nature.
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Moore's theory that "goodness" is an individual property which cannot be explained in terms of anything more basic.
Neoplatonism
- The revival of Greek philosophy in 3rd century BCE, led by Plotinus and his disciple, Porphyry. Influenced by both Pythagoras and Plato.
Noncognitivism
- In Ethical theory noncognitivism is the theory that moral utterances are neither true nor false statements about the world.
Objectivity
- The view that the truth of a thing is independent from the observing subject.
Ockham, William of
- Detailed biography of the 14th century Franciscan.
Ordinary Language
- Ordinary language philosophy examines the way common language is used.
Origen
- Father of the early Church, born around 182.
Original Position
- Rawls view that a group of impartial people will establish a mutually beneficial principle of justice.
Paine, Thomas
- 18th century British political writer.
Paley, William
- 18th century British theologian.
Parmenides
- Greek philosopher and poet.
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